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| Mechanical Calculators |
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| 1600's |
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| Blaise
Pascal : Pascaline Calculator (1642) Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz: The Leibniz Wheel (1673) |
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| 1630
Puritans establish the Massachusetts Bay Colony 1619 A Dutch Ship brings the first Africans to Jamestown 1690 John Locke publishes Essay Concerning Human Understanding |
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| Elizabeth Chapman |
